Knew plants very well—they used at least 96 species of plants. Farming and ranching was the mainstay for the people. On July 01, 1910 United States President William H. Taft further expanded the reservation by yet another Executive Order. known about gardening methods at Corn Creek is that water was taken from the creek. Respective bands of Western Shoshone occupied and revolved on and off the reservation depending on their survival needs and because of the unfulfilled promises of food and supplies from the federal government. Lived in cone-shaped wickiups (especially in winter) or in the open air. The Chairman manages the operations of Tribal government. Wildhorse Reservoir was constructed in 1936 for the Duck Valley Irrigation Project. Gardens were thoroughly soaked before barrel cactus, and yucca. 3. The Northern Paiute bands became allied with their kin, the Bannock in the Bannock War of 1878 and were subsequently sent to a a prisoner of war camp in Yakima, Washington. 4. The Shoshone and Paiute united at Duck Valley under the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 and formed a tribal government through a Constitution and Bylaws which was adopted in 1936. Some Southern and Owens Valley Paiute bands used irrigation techniques and grew corn, while some Northern Paiute bands were fishermen. The cultivated crops important wild plants, some used for food, others for making tools such as needles: Indian spinach or Ate big a… near or below a spring, was cleared, leveled, and banked with six to eight inches of dirt, just enough to keep The term "Paiute" does not refer to a single, unique, unified group of Great Basin tribes, but is a historical label comprising: Included in the total acreage of the Reservation is 22,231 acres of Wetlands. Before their first contact with non-Natives in the 1820s, the lifestyle of the various bands of Paiute depended largely on the types of foods that were available to them. In 1884, an effort to move the Western Shoshone to the Fort Hall Reservation in Idaho (and open up Duck Valley lands for non-indian homesteads) was successfully resisted by the headmen of the bands. Tending gardens and harvesting nuts at the same excavated to bring water to the rows of crops planted inside the berm. cleared nearby and the irrigation ditch extended to it. were supplemented by native wild greens, seeds, and fruits, some of which were tended: From 1884 through 1911 a boarding school operated on the reservation. Recently, a Community Education Center was placed in Owyhee for GED and higher education courses. In Owyhee, the Swayne School was built. Upon their release, the survivors were returned to their homelands and the Western Shoshone Reservation was expanded for their use in 1886. Ideally, each crop had its own pond. Piute Farms Road, about half way to Lake Powell - view south Although all the best formations are concentrated around the Utah-Arizona border either side of US 163, Monument Valleyextends many miles to the northwest, where the land slopes gently to the shores of the San Juan arm of Lake Powell. yucca, Groups were often referred to by the names of the foods they ate. and Insects, birds, the chiefs signed all the treaties in good faith and for the survival of their people. hedgehog mesquite, agave, 5. In the early days of the Duck Valley Reservation the people lived in earthern willow and sagebrush huts. There are four divisions of tribal administration: Health & Human Services, Judicial Services, Tribal Programs, and Support Services. The Paiutes trace their origin to the story of Tabuts, the wise wolf who decided to carve many different people out of sticks. of pine nuts was very important to the Paiute people, they also needed to tend their gardens, planted at the Various bands of the two closely related tribes have jointly utilized the area from time immemorial. On April 16, 1877, United States President Rutherford B. Hayes established the reservation for the Western Shoshone and on May 4, 1886, United States President Grover Cleveland expanded the Reservation for the Northern Paiute through respective Executive Orders. The Paiute people have lived in southern Utah and parts of California, Arizona, and Nevada for a thousand years. This however quickly changed at the coming of the populations from Europe. Moved frequently to gather and hunt. The extended family … Some bands adapted as best they could and others did not want to readily leave their expanded homelands and campsites which were located off the reservation. In addition, Paiute communities traded with one another to maximize their access to plants and resources. The planting site, up to an acre Students of the higher grades were sent off reservation to boarding schools until 1946 when high school classes were added. In 1956 the reservation school system was consolidated into the Elko County School District of Nevada and today is known as the Owyhee Combined Schools (K-12). These banked lots were termed “ponds.” Irrigation ditches then were Favored crops included two types of corn, two of pumpkins, two different squashes, tepary and (two types), mesquite beans, cattail, watercress, The same pond would be used for two to three years, then another site was Farming and Ranching are still mainstays for Duck Valley and is reflected in the 12,000 acres of subjugated lands. The native stone hospital was closed in 1976 when the modern Owyhee Community Health Facility was completed.

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